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1838 novel by Charles Dickens
Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy's Progress, is the second novel by English author Charles Dickens. It was originally published as a serial from 1837 to 1839 and as a three-volume book in 1838. The story follows orphan Oliver Twist, who, after being raised in a workhouse, escapes to London, where he meets a gang of juvenile pickpockets led by the elderly criminal Fagin, discovers the secrets of his parentage, and reconnects with his remaining family. Oliver Twist unromantically portrays the sordid lives of criminals and exposes the cruel treatment of the many orphans in England in the mid-19th century. The alternative title, The Parish Boy's Progress, alludes to Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress as well as the 18th-century caricature series by painter William Hogarth, A Rake's Progress and A Harlot's Progress. In an early example of the social novel, Dickens satirises child labour, domestic violence, the recruitment of children as criminals, and the presence of street children. The novel may have been inspired by the story of Robert Blincoe, an orphan whose account of working as a child labourer in a cotton mill was widely read in the 1830s. It is likely that Dickens's own experiences as a youth contributed as well, considering he spent two years of his life in the workhouse at the age of 12 and subsequently missed out on some of his education. Oliver Twist has been the subject of numerous adaptations, including the 1948 film of the same name, starring Alec Guinness as Fagin; a highly successful musical, Oliver! (itself adapted into the Oscar-winning 1968 film), and Disney's 1988 animated feature film Oliver & Company.
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オリヴァー・ツイスト
== Editions that Charles Dickens contributed to == "Oliver Twist; or, the Parish Boy's Progress", serialized in Bentley's Miscellaney, Vol. 1-5 (1837-1839) Oliver Twist (Boz Issue) (transcription volumes: 1, 2, 3) Oliver Twist (Charles Dickens' Issue) (transcription volumes: 1, 2, 3) (Volume 3 has two different printings. This is the variant published after 16 Nov. 1838 with a different fireside plate and several small textual emendations.) Oliver Twist (1839 Second Edition) (transcription volumes: 1, 2, 3) Oliver Twist (1839 New Edition) 1839. Oliver Twist (1840 Edition) Oliver Twist; or, the parish boy's progress. By "Boz." . . . 1840. Oliver Twist (Third Edition) 1839. Oliver Twist (1841 Serialization) Oliver Twist (New Edition) With twenty-four illustrations on steel, by George Cruikshank. A new edition, revised and corrected. London: Published for the author, by Bradbury & Evans, Whitefriars. MDCCCXLVI. Oliver Twist (Cheap Edition) With a frontispiece by George Cruikshank. London: Chapman and Hall, 186, Strand. MDCCCL. Oliver Twist (Library Edition) London: Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly; and Bradbury and Evans, 11, Bouverie Street. 1858. Oliver Twist (Charles Dickens Edition) (transcription project) == Film adaptations == Oliver Twist (1909), an American film directed by James Stuart Blackton Oliver Twist (1922), an American film directed by Sol Lesser Oliver Twist (1933), an American film directed by William J. Cowen